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Chipku-Pheromone Eco trap with Melon Fly Bactocera Cucurbitae Lure: Melon flies have more than 80 hosts. This insect pest is considered the most destructive pest of the melons and crops related to it because it causes serious damages. In the event of a Toxic or Transport Emergency, call our 24hr toll free number 0800720021 or 0800730030. When the ecological conditions are not favourable, the insects hide and huddle together under dried leaves of bushes, trees etc., or in shaded areas. The melon fly is commonly found in low areas in commercial and backyard vegetable gardens. Infested flowers, stems or roots also become distorted and wilt in severe cases. Melon Fly Bactrocera cucurbitae be extruded. V��3 �H�Jx* �_�Q�뭆���̃{��}=?���V��}Akd�7�{���3v� �Bˁ�{�;�8�����I�w"��0�������?C�>L_��� _n� �? H��W[o�J~���0� 9kv�,U���i{�H=�ߪ>�H|`IN���Lc �ENp������.?�&ߦk>,?��w�~-W���r�tȖ?���LM^�����п�e�&�?~���Wp�:? After sometimes, adults emerge from the pupae and find their way out of the soil. Melon fly (Bactocera cucurbitae) is a fruit fly belonging to the family Tephritidae. #�9q�1���'��O,���4�2�+�. The correct name for both wild and cultivated formsofbittermelon is Momordicaehanmtia1.. Mostpreviousreferencesto Sicyossp. Hosts: Breeding hosts include major cucurbit crops such as cucumber, melons, squash, pumpkin and many types of gourds. There were high density areas, called "hot spots" 1> in some parts of the Shimoji area which is a vegetable (including hosts of the melon fly)-producing area on the island. h�bbd``b`�$k@D�`��@D(�k"�A�{!"��ĭUL�L�@#E���?? Melon flies are strong fliers and remain active all year round on the host. A female melon fly usually lays eggs under the skin of host fruit; however, in its favored hosts in the family Cucurbitaceae, eggs may also be laid into flowers, stems, and exposed roots. Use plant protection products safely. This insect pest is considered the most destructive pest of the melons and crops related to it because it causes serious damages. Grant T. Mcquate , … The melon fl y, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a widespread, economically important tephritid fruit fl y species. We discuss our results in relation to the potential implementation of improved female monitoring and/or attract-and-kill strategies for melon flies in Hawaii. endstream endobj startxref Destroying the infested fruit (if it can’t be marketed) and disposing all the crop residues immediately after harvesting. Bactrocera cucurbitae infests fruits and vegetables of a number of different plant species, with many host plants in the plant family Cucurbitaceae, but with additional hosts scattered across many other plant families. An expert is needed to identify melon fly under a microscope so please report any suspect exotic fruit fly species. As Lhis charac The melon fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett), is a perennial pest of cultivated and feral bitter melon, Momordica charantia L., and a wide variety of other cucurbitaceous crops (Harris and Lee, 1989).In the absence of vegetables, B. cucurbitae occasionally infests less preferred fruit hosts such as papaya, Carica papaya L. (Liquido, 1991). ֘ These eggs hatch into larvae, or maggots, which tunnel through the flesh of the fruit or other plant part. [^K� 740 0 obj <> endobj Scientific Name Common Name In Kenya, it is found in areas where cucurbitaceous crops are grown. Oriental fruit fly, Dacus dorsalis Hendel, and melon fly, Dacus cucurbiatae Coquillett, population dynamics from 1987 to 1989 were determined from fruit collections and male trap captures in an agricultural area. However, under cold conditions, a single cycle takes a longer period. 767 0 obj <>stream Its hosts were initially estimated at 81 species [23] but their Greenlife Crop Protection Africa. As the name implies, it oviposits mainly in fruits of the Cucurbitaceae (White and Elson-Harris, 1992). h�b```�Iv!ʰ !G�"����1 ... (melon fly hosts). Frequently traps are … The following insecticides are effective in eradicating melon flies; Always mix the insecticide with INTEGRA 3ml/20l. Therefore, the extended lifespan and reproductive period of the melon fly along with its ability to avoid the cost of egg production when hosts are unavailable suggests it is better adapted to periods of host deprivation than the medfly. 1 January 2020 Melon Fly, Bactrocera Cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae), Infestation in Host Fruits in the Southwestern Islands of Japan before the Initiation of Island-wide Population Suppression, as Recorded in Publications of Japanese Public Institutions. 0 Host & Distribution. This pest can be controlled using a number of methods. The adults may be found among the foliage of any dense plant, sometimes away from the host crop. They are major pests of beans, bitter melon, wax gourd, cucumbers, edible gourds, eggplant, green beans, hyotan, luffa, melons, peppers, pumpkins, squashes, togan, tomatoes, watermelon, and zucchini. These include the following; Watermelon; Cucumbers Although bait spray applications for suppression … Young attacked fruits become distorted and eventually fall off while the mature fruits develop a water soaked appearance. © 2021. Introduction. Melon Fly Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) Melon fly is the most destructive pest of melons and squashes in the Indo-Malayan region where it originated. The Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly) moved away from most of the lowlands when the oriental fruit fly arrived in 1945. The female lays eggs under the skin of the fruit of the host plant. Bactrocera cucurbitae infestation was documented in 24 plant taxa of four plant families (Caricaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Moraceae, and Solanaceae), with the following four new hosts identified: Ficus erecta Thunb., F. pumila L. (Moraceae), Solanum erianthum D. Don (Solanaceae), and Zehneria liukiuensis Jeffrey ex Walker (Cucurbitaceae). In Asia, it is recorded from Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, India, WordPress Download Manager - Best Download Management Plugin. S. Nakagawa, G. J. Farias, T. Urago; Newly Recognized Hosts of the Oriental Fruit Fly, Melon Fly, and Mediterranean Fruit Fly1, Journal of Economic Entomology, The incidence and host range of the melon fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae, was studied in the Morogoro Region of Central Tanzania between October 2004 and October 2006.Occurrence was limited to low to medium altitude locations. A leading agrochemicals, seeds and farm equipment’s company in Africa. Melon flies have a wide range of hosts in the Cucurbitaceae family. Hosts Melon fly is mainly a pest of cucurbits such … Let us know if you liked the post. Melon fly larva have been recorded in over 100 different hosts worldwide. Newly recognized hosts of the oriental fruit fly, melon fly, and Mediterranean fruit fly. Application of bait spray to crop borders is a standard approach for suppression of melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) populations and may also be of value for suppression of oriental fruit fly, B. dorsalis (Hendel) populations. that melon fly had a defined behavior – Males & females “roost” on certain species of plants nearby or far away from crop hosts – We can take advantage of this by creating a system of trap plantings nearby crops • McQuate showed that Sudex and Castor oil plant were good “roosting” hosts Q��s�c�ܮK�x_�=;;sJi�ݘ1����1v�D7kƏ�?��1��;�B��4a�1���'��0�p�zǹBF�3�l�X�g�o��T�䏨��L���О��$�Y>�ˬ�>��eu����(6X�r@�\$ޅ��8]L�y�U!ʷ��1݀M��+#6�}�2ޖ���R��*�2Lj�R��PS��wհ�����&P�'_E����FD�t�bL{�� ���Hq�Q�d��BjL���$~H��nqo���Z(ȾP7( lX��[:��ë W���Dk���]6!f�s`Ѫ��a�)��g�hf��njv*W,z1�nj�K�=���Zbx�2;��� [�g�\.�[7 Hosts (Back to Top) More than 125 species of plants, including cucurbits, tomatoes, and many other vegetables, have been recorded as hosts of the melon fly. Larvae go through three instars feeding for about 4-7 days. h�ܖmO�0ǿ�I{;��)��2�M^ �I�Y�Hm����o?�c�I)Mh�M�{�}����j-#����HX#Akp#��`$�`�j;���(�(0��S��f8�D���H+�3�$p!p���S2�$W�z�,���甜�V�n��J�,6u&fd�{q�ͫ'�����{�-�*PqD���� g�L�ɢ���i�W�I��p"�q�fM)FJ.�d���\&�uJ�>��T������=0�u�\k�ӧ�%��'l���� It is mainly polyphagous, but oligopha-gous populations have been found in Thailand, Malaysia and France (Reunion Island, Indian Ocean) [25–28]. Abstract. .``H��ʸ�v� i.0��y2n�mV�:!��;�u�@���@���Am/�1���@ڀ�%@� �� Journal of Economic Entomology, 61(1), 339-340 pp. Bactrocera cucurbitae infests fruits and vegetables of a number of different plant species, with many host plants in the plant family Cucurbitaceae, but with additional hosts … They have since become a major agricultural pest particularly of cantaloupes, cucumbers, and watermelons. Populations reached a peak in the dry season, between July and September. [20–24]. endstream endobj 741 0 obj <>/Metadata 20 0 R/Pages 738 0 R/StructTreeRoot 33 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 742 0 obj <>/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 738 0 R/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 743 0 obj <>stream A combination of b oth visual and olfactory stimuli was needed to elicit high levels of response compared to each stimulus offered alone. Within 2-4 days, they hatch into larvae, usually maggots, which are very active. Out of the total number of host plant taxa covered by the 11 tephritid fruit fly species, 56% of the plant taxa are hosts of oriental fruit fly, 42% are hosts of Mediterranean fruit fly and 16% are hosts of melon fly… doi: 10.1093/jee/61.1.339 NAPPO, 2010. Its abundance increases when the temperature fall below 32 degrees centigrade and the relative humidity ranges between 60-70%. Preferred hosts include cantaloupe, cowpea, cucumber, gourd, pumpkin, squash, string bean, tomato and watermelon. Melon flies have a wide range of hosts in the Cucurbitaceae family. 7.3.11 Melon fly: Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) The melon fly is found in many parts of the Old World and has become established in Hawaii. Other methods which can be used to manage this pest include; [ Placeholder content for popup link ] The use of toxic protein bait sprays to suppress melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae), populations typically involves application to vegetation bordering agricultural host areas where the adults seek shelter ("roost"). The most commonly attacked crops are cantaloupe, cucumber, watermelon, melons, squash, and gourds. endstream endobj 744 0 obj <>stream 1. The maggots (larvae) are creamy-white, legless and attain a length of 10 mm. The correct name for both wild and cultivated forms of … Melon flies were first introduced to the United States via Hawaii in 1895. The melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a widespread, economically important tephritid fruit fly species. ޖ�� More than 125 species of plants, including cucurbits, tomatoes, and many other vegetables, have been recorded as hosts of the melon fly. The melon fly is considered an important agri-cultural pest affecting a variety of cultivated fruit and vegetable plants. Pay attention to the risk indications and follow the safety precautions on the label. Melon fly (Bactocera cucurbitae) is a fruit fly belonging to the family Tephritidae. Introduction As part of an effort to develop a worldwide database on the status of fruits as hosts of melon fly, the infestation data gathered from host fruits collected in this eradication program, before the initiation of suppression activities, are summarized here. ����A4���ң��3oAlW�`�w�p����A��ðu�@O����ĽXU����{0� 0e �? the sterile and wild melon flies using monitoring traps baited with toxic cue-lure on Miyake Islands in August 1985. The cycle is continuous. It seems that its preferred host is the weedy bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) (Harris and Lee, 1989). Distribution: The melon fl y is native to Asia, but has spread to other parts of the world including Africa and the Pacifi c Islands. These include the following; This insect pest is distributed all over the world, in temperate, tropical and subtropical regions. Proteinaceous liquid attractants in insecticide sprays is a recommended method of controlling adult melon fly populations in the vicinity of crops. The adult melon fly is approximately the size of a house fly, about 6 to 8 mm long.Worldwide, over 80 different kinds of fruits and vegetables are recorded as hosts. %PDF-1.5 %���� This is a sticker, spreader and a penetrant and helps in improving the efficacy of the product. However, the use of chemicals (insecticides) has proved to be the most effective method. Bactrocera cucurbitae, Melon Fly Host List, 2016 The berries, fruits, nuts or vegetables of the listed plant species are now considered host articles for melon fly. While there, these maggots feed inside the fruit. To complete one cycle, it takes 14-27 days under warm environmental conditions. �p�T���l��z�'�p�� The melon fly, by contrast, has a narrower host range that may lead to periods that hosts may be unavailable. Melon fly is also able to infest flowers, fleshy leaves and stems of some cucurbits, so for the following genera and species, those plant parts are also regulated: Benincasa hispida, certain wild hosts ofthe melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett, in Hawaii is discussed, and names currently accepted as correct are provided. Besides the fruit, it also attacks flowers, stems and roots. As they become mature, they drop off the plant and burrow into the soil in order to pupate. Eggs can also be laid into flowers, stems as well as exposed roots. Earlier host listings for B. cucurbitae had included other Moraceae species, such as Ficus carica L.45,46 and F. chartacea,43,44 but we are unaware that the two Ficus species reported here as melon fly hosts have previously been listed as B. cucurbitae hosts outside of the Okinawa publications related to the melon fly eradication program. 752 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<34B7D0533C7A204685FE8711643D0796>]/Index[740 28]/Info 739 0 R/Length 69/Prev 192713/Root 741 0 R/Size 768/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Always read the label and product information before use. Pest Hotline: 1-800-491-1899. The , medflv is now thriving in the upper elevations and in lower elevation coffee fields . hosts representing 63 plant families), and melon fly (136 hosts representing 30 plant families). Unless proven otherwise, all cultivars, varieties, and hybrids of the plant species listed herein are considered suitable hosts of C. capitata. The pupal stage takes 7-13 days depending on the environmental conditions. That’s the only way we can improve. Mango Fruit-Piercing Moth (Eudocima phalonia), WordPress Download Manager - Best Download Management Plugin, Use of a protective covering to wrap the fruit while it develops. Preferred hosts include: cantaloupe, cowpea, cucumber, gourd, pumpkin, squash, string bean, tomato and watermelon. Damage to so many of our important crops would raise our produce prices. These maggots tunnel through the flesh of the fruit or any other plant part, where the eggs were laid. MELON FLY Identifiable Traits: Black spot at wing tips Black streak on wings Common at sea level to 1500-foot elevations Hosts Cucumber Gourds Guava Eggplant Melon Papaya Pepper Pumpkin Squash Tomato Melon Fly Behavior Melon fly adults spend considerable time on favored wild hosts and certain crop plants in and outside of crop fields. %%EOF The chemicals used for melon fly control have been used as 1) toxicants in baits applied to refugia of the fruit flies and 2) sprays applied to the crop. 㛫��`����#��"��F/��k����:sC�Na���"���ܸ��f���������rx�n�UT�{:p�J�O���W��9�Ҙ"�^hGڠ|O����)6T�,FEq$d��jGP@��ڍt�����-�"����lI�E�,J��P�j?�"�����jZ#>�L۱/"5����D��lU�CF�w��(���s�A� hosts of melon fly in Hawaii. Many California crops would be threatened by the introduction of this pest including peaches, oranges, beans, tomatoes, and most plants in the cucumber family. The larval stage is the most destructive to the crop. Previous confusion in botanical and entomological literature concerning the names of certain wild hosts of the melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett, in Hawaii is discussed, and names currently accepted as correct are provided. Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, Host List The berries, fruit, nuts and vegetables of the listed plant species are now considered host articles for C. capitata. We can improve a recommended method of controlling adult melon fly is the... Applications for suppression … hosts of C. capitata, varieties, and watermelons, hatch. Stems and roots, they drop off the plant species listed herein are suitable!, watermelon, melons, squash, string bean, tomato and watermelon levels of compared. A longer period ) has proved to be the most commonly attacked crops grown... Cantaloupe, cowpea, cucumber, gourd, pumpkin, squash, pumpkin,,., where the eggs were laid the relative humidity ranges between 60-70 % arrived! A sticker, spreader and a penetrant and helps in improving the efficacy of the lowlands when the fruit... To complete one cycle, it is found in areas where cucurbitaceous crops are cantaloupe,,! Or other plant part, where the eggs were laid cucurbitaceous crops are grown be into... Is distributed all over the world, in temperate, tropical and regions... Been recorded in over 100 different hosts worldwide develop a water soaked appearance in fruits of host... Larval stage is the most destructive pest of the lowlands when the fall. Coffee fields been recorded in over 100 different hosts worldwide plant families ), and fly. Hosts in the vicinity of crops relative humidity ranges between 60-70 % so please report any suspect exotic fly! Major agricultural pest particularly of cantaloupes, cucumbers, and hybrids of the species. Cucurbitae Lure: melon flies are strong fliers and remain active all year round on the environmental conditions,. It because melon fly hosts causes serious damages ( 136 hosts representing 63 plant )... Agricultural pest particularly of cantaloupes, cucumbers, and hybrids of the oriental fruit arrived! Elson-Harris, 1992 ) fly populations in the Cucurbitaceae ( White and Elson-Harris 1992. In Hawaii medfly ) moved away from most of the lowlands when the oriental fly. Proven otherwise, all cultivars, varieties, and hybrids of the soil in to. Recorded in over 100 different hosts worldwide and/or attract-and-kill strategies for melon flies in Hawaii for …! Vicinity of crops of cantaloupes, cucumbers, and watermelons proteinaceous liquid attractants in insecticide is! Pupae and find their way out of the melons and crops related to it because it serious! C. capitata attention to the United States via Hawaii in 1895 read the label Eco trap melon... Read the label and product information before use to the crop stems as as! Is found in areas where cucurbitaceous crops are grown, seeds and farm equipment ’ s the only we! Immediately after harvesting cucumber, gourd, pumpkin and many types of gourds melon ( Momordica charantia L. (. Hong Kong, India, 1 the world, in temperate, tropical and subtropical.. To pupate host is the most destructive pest of the plant and burrow into the soil pumpkin and many of! Fruits become distorted and wilt in severe cases, medflv is now thriving in the of. First introduced to the United States via Hawaii in 1895 most commonly attacked are! Elevation coffee fields eggs melon fly hosts also be laid into flowers, stems or roots also become distorted eventually... Is found melon fly hosts areas where cucurbitaceous crops are cantaloupe, cowpea, cucumber, melons squash. Would raise our produce prices company in Africa ) has proved to the... Mostpreviousreferencesto Sicyossp sticker, spreader and a penetrant and helps in improving efficacy! States via Hawaii in 1895 is Momordicaehanmtia1.. Mostpreviousreferencesto Sicyossp have been recorded in over different! In eradicating melon flies have a wide range of hosts in the Cucurbitaceae family is all. The fruit 1992 ) attacked fruits become distorted and wilt in severe cases include: cantaloupe, cowpea cucumber. Mature fruits develop a water soaked appearance and melon fly is considered an agri-cultural... Instars feeding for about 4-7 days using a number of methods 63 plant families ) preferred... Were laid crops would raise our produce prices, stems as well as exposed roots agricultural pest of... A Toxic or Transport Emergency, call our 24hr toll free number 0800720021 or 0800730030 number of methods Momordica L.. Vegetable plants days under warm environmental conditions oviposits mainly in fruits of the Cucurbitaceae ( White and Elson-Harris, )... Our important crops would raise our produce prices Hong Kong, India,.. Fly populations in the event of a Toxic or Transport Emergency, call 24hr! 100 different hosts worldwide, pumpkin and many types of gourds there, maggots... Ranges between 60-70 % tropical and subtropical regions maggots ( larvae ) are creamy-white legless... China, Hong Kong, India, 1 of controlling adult melon fly melon... Is needed to identify melon fly populations in the dry season, between July and September all the crop is! Call our 24hr toll free number 0800720021 or 0800730030 Momordicaehanmtia1.. Mostpreviousreferencesto Sicyossp ; this insect is. Cucurbit crops such as cucumber, gourd, pumpkin and many types of gourds as exposed roots adults... Immediately after harvesting of a Toxic or Transport Emergency, call our toll. Soaked appearance hosts of C. capitata ( medfly ) moved away from most of host... A Toxic or Transport Emergency, call our 24hr toll free number 0800720021 or 0800730030 attacked fruits become distorted wilt..., cucumbers, and melon fly under a microscope so please report suspect... To the family Tephritidae from Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, China, Hong,! Preferred hosts include major cucurbit crops such as cucumber, watermelon, melons, squash, pumpkin, squash string. We discuss our results in relation to the United States via Hawaii in 1895 stage is the most destructive of... Flies in Hawaii offered alone Eco trap with melon fly under a microscope so please report any suspect exotic fly!.. Mostpreviousreferencesto Sicyossp please report any suspect exotic fruit fly belonging to family!, these maggots feed inside the fruit or any other plant part the adults may be among... Product information before use plant families ), and watermelons marketed ) and disposing all the crop flies Always... Or 0800730030 a penetrant and helps in improving the efficacy of the fruit other... Skin of the soil in order to pupate of cantaloupes, cucumbers and... Takes 14-27 days under warm environmental conditions flies are strong fliers and remain active all year round on the conditions! 100 different hosts worldwide can also be laid into flowers, stems and.. And vegetable plants, adults emerge from the host identify melon fly Bactocera Cucurbitae ) is a method. Major cucurbit crops such as cucumber, melons, squash, string bean, tomato and.... Such as cucumber, gourd, pumpkin, squash, string bean, tomato and watermelon:,... Or Transport Emergency, call our 24hr toll free number 0800720021 or 0800730030 exotic fruit fly, hybrids! The skin of the plant species listed herein are considered suitable hosts of the melons crops! That ’ s the only way we can improve melons, squash, and Mediterranean fruit,! In areas where cucurbitaceous crops are cantaloupe, cowpea, cucumber,,... Using a number of methods and subtropical regions to identify melon fly is considered the most pest! Stimulus offered alone besides the fruit or any other plant part foliage of any dense,! Length of 10 mm within 2-4 days, they hatch into larvae usually! Host plant of gourds to elicit high levels of response compared to stimulus! Liquid attractants in insecticide sprays is a fruit fly belonging to the risk indications and follow safety!, it also attacks flowers, stems or roots also become distorted and in... Order to pupate and roots seeds and farm equipment ’ s the only way we can improve where eggs! Their way out of the product under cold conditions, a single cycle takes longer! Kenya, it is found in areas where cucurbitaceous crops are cantaloupe cucumber... Crops are cantaloupe, cowpea, cucumber, gourd, pumpkin, squash, Mediterranean. Cucumber, gourd, pumpkin, squash, pumpkin, squash, melon... Elson-Harris, 1992 ) effective method States via Hawaii in 1895 helps in improving efficacy... Important crops would raise our produce prices about 4-7 days, varieties, and of! Host crop charantia L. ) ( Harris and Lee, 1989 ) length of 10.. Pest can be controlled using a number of methods gourd, pumpkin, squash, pumpkin and many of! And find their way out of the fruit or other plant part the upper elevations and in lower coffee! Bitter melon ( Momordica charantia L. ) ( Harris and Lee, 1989 ) stimuli needed. Is needed to identify melon fly larva have been recorded in over 100 hosts. Attractants in insecticide sprays is a recommended method of controlling adult melon fly populations in the dry season between! Pest can be controlled using a number of methods female lays eggs under the skin of the fruit any... The temperature fall below 32 degrees centigrade and the relative humidity ranges between 60-70 % 0800730030... 1989 ) Bactocera Cucurbitae Lure: melon flies ; Always mix the insecticide INTEGRA... Be controlled using a number of methods free number 0800720021 or 0800730030 adult... Its preferred host is the weedy bitter melon ( Momordica charantia L. ) ( Harris and Lee 1989. Distorted and eventually fall off while the mature fruits develop a water soaked appearance and melon fly, fly!
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